Consumer information: Depo-Provera®

What is Depo-Provera Used For?

• Depo-Provera® is an injectable contraceptive containing medroxyprogesterone acetate.
• It is used for:
  • Conception control (preventing pregnancy).
  • Treatment of endometriosis.

How Does Depo-Provera Work?

• Prevents ovulation: Stops the release of an egg from the ovaries.
• Changes cervical mucus: Makes it harder for sperm to reach the uterus.
• Alters the uterine lining: Prevents a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus.

How is Depo-Provera Administered?

• Given as a deep intramuscular injection every 3 months (13 weeks) at a dose of 150 mg.
• First Injection: Ideally administered within the first 5 days of a normal menstrual period.
• Subsequent Injections: Must be administered every 10 to 13 weeks.

When to Start Depo-Provera?

• If administered within the first 5 days of a normal menstrual cycle, it is effective immediately.
• If given later in the cycle, another non-hormonal method of contraception should be used for the first 3 to 4 weeks after the injection.
• After miscarriage or first-trimester abortion, it is typically given within 5 days of the procedure.
• After a second-trimester abortion, it is administered 4 weeks post-procedure to avoid excessive bleeding.

Missed Dose

• If more than 13 weeks have passed since the last injection, a pregnancy test should be done before the next injection.

Who Should Not Use Depo-Provera?

• Known or suspected pregnancy.
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding.
• History of breast cancer, thromboembolic disorders, severe liver disease.
• Individuals with multiple risk factors for arterial or venous thrombosis.

Common Side Effects

• Menstrual changes: Irregular bleeding or amenorrhea.
• Weight gain: Average of 5.4 lbs in the first year.
• Bone loss: Long-term use can reduce bone mineral density, particularly in adolescents and young adults.
• Headaches, nervousness, and abdominal discomfort are common.

Warnings

• Bone Loss: Depo-Provera use has been associated with a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD), especially with long-term use.
• Delayed Return to Fertility: After stopping Depo-Provera, the return to fertility may be delayed by several months.